Circuit knowledge

I truly do dislike virtually any circuit hooked up straight to 240v mains. Nevertheless we find Christmas time tress illumination being connected straight away to the mains always since years on end having no major disorders.

Isolation need to be supplied and the lights (LEDs) needs to be off from prying hands.
You will need a minimum of 50 LEDs in every single thread to stop them being harmed through a power upswing through the 1k resistor - in case the circuit is started up at the highest of the waveform. When you increase LEDs to each line, the current will reduce a very small quantity right up till, when you have 90 LEDs in each thread, the current will be nil.
For 50 LEDs in each thread, the whole feature voltage will be 180v to ensure that the peak voltage will be 330v - 180v = 150v. Each LED will find a lot less than 7mA highest while in the half-cycle they may be switched on. The 1k resistor may possibly cancel 7v - due to the fact the RMS current is 7mA (7mA x 1,000 ohms = 7v). Simply no rectifier diodes are needed. The LEDs are the "rectifiers." Really clever. You should have LEDs in both directions to charge and discharge the capacitor. The resistor is furnished to obtain a heavy surge current from one of the series of LEDs if the circuit is triggered whenever the mains is at a optimum.
This is often up to 330mA in the event only 1 LED is employed, therefore the benefit of this resistor needs to be modified as long as a couple of LEDs run. The LEDs above pick up apex current.
A 100n cap generates 7mA RMS or 10mA apex in full wave or 3.5mA RMS (10mA peak for one half a cycle) in half-wave. (when solely 1 LED remains in each sequence).