Circuit knowledge

Showing posts with label light. Show all posts

Friday, September 26, 2014

Simplest 220V LED Light Circuit

I truly do dislike virtually any circuit hooked up straight to 240v mains. Nevertheless we find Christmas time tress illumination being connected straight away to the mains always since years on end having no major disorders.

Isolation need to be supplied and the lights (LEDs) needs to be off from prying hands.
You will need a minimum of 50 LEDs in every single thread to stop them being harmed through a power upswing through the 1k resistor - in case the circuit is started up at the highest of the waveform. When you increase LEDs to each line, the current will reduce a very small quantity right up till, when you have 90 LEDs in each thread, the current will be nil.
For 50 LEDs in each thread, the whole feature voltage will be 180v to ensure that the peak voltage will be 330v - 180v = 150v. Each LED will find a lot less than 7mA highest while in the half-cycle they may be switched on. The 1k resistor may possibly cancel 7v - due to the fact the RMS current is 7mA (7mA x 1,000 ohms = 7v). Simply no rectifier diodes are needed. The LEDs are the "rectifiers." Really clever. You should have LEDs in both directions to charge and discharge the capacitor. The resistor is furnished to obtain a heavy surge current from one of the series of LEDs if the circuit is triggered whenever the mains is at a optimum.
This is often up to 330mA in the event only 1 LED is employed, therefore the benefit of this resistor needs to be modified as long as a couple of LEDs run. The LEDs above pick up apex current.
A 100n cap generates 7mA RMS or 10mA apex in full wave or 3.5mA RMS (10mA peak for one half a cycle) in half-wave. (when solely 1 LED remains in each sequence).

Monday, September 8, 2014

Telephone line Based Audio Muting and Light On Circuit

Telephone line Based Audio Muting and Light-On Circuit. Very often when enjoying music or watching TV at high audio level, we may not be able to hear a telephone ring and thus miss an important incoming phone call. To overcome this situation, the schema presented here can be used. The schema would automatically light a bulb on arrival of a telephone ring and simultaneously mute the music system/TV audio for the duration the telephone handset is off-hook. Lighting of the bulb would not only indicate an incoming call but also help in locating the telephone during darkness.
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Circuit diagram :

Telephone line Based Audio Muting and Light-On Circuit Diagram
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On arrival of a ring, or when the handset is off-hook, the inbuilt transistor of IC1 (opto-coupler) conducts and capacitor C1 gets charged and, in turn, transistor T1 gets forward biased. As a result, transistor T1 conducts, causing energisation of relays RL1, RL2, and RL3. Diode D1 connected in antiparallel to inbuilt diode of IC1, in shunt with resistor R1, provides an easy path for AC current and helps in limiting the voltage across inbuilt diode to a safe value during the ringing. (The RMS value of ring voltage lies between 70 and 90 volts RMS.) Capacitor C1 maintains necessary voltage for continuously forward biasing transistor T1 so that the relays are not energised during the negative half cycles and off-period of ring signal. Once the handset is picked up, the relays will still remain energised because of low impedance DC path available (via cradle switch and handset) for the in-built diode of IC1.

After completion of call when handset is placed back on its cradle, the low-impedance path through handset is no more available and thus relays RL1 through RL3 are deactivated. As shown in the figure, the energised relay RL1 switches on the light, while energisation of relay RL2 causes the path of TV speaker lead to be opened. (For dual-speaker TV, replace relay RL2 with a DPDT relay of 6V, 200 ohm.) Similarly, energisation of DPDT relay RL3 opens the leads going to the speakers and thus mutes both audio speakers. Use ‘NC’ contacts of relay RL3 in series with speakers of music system and ‘NC’ contacts of RL2 in series with TV speaker. Use ‘NO’ con-tact of relay RL1 in series with a bulb to get the visual indication.

Author : Dhurjati Sinha - Copyright : EFYmag

Sunday, September 7, 2014

Simple Light Dependent Resistors

LDRs or lightweight Dependent Resistors are terribly helpful particularly in light/dark sensor diagram. Normally the resistance of an LDR is incredibly high, typically as high as a thousand 000 ohms, however once they are illuminated with lightweight resistance drops dramatically.

The animation opposite shows that when the torch is turned on, the resistance of the LDR falls, permitting current to have it.Circuit Wizard software has been used to show, the vary of values of a ORP12, LDR .
When a light-weight level of a thousand lux (bright light) is directed towards it, the resistance is 400R (ohms).

When a light-weight level of ten lux (very low light level) is directed towards it, the resistance has risen dramatically to ten.43M (10430000 ohms).

This is an example of a light-weight sensor schema :

When the sunshine level is low the resistance of the LDR is high. This prevents current from flowing to the bottom of the transistors. Consequently the LED doesnt lightweight. However, when lightweight shines onto the LDR its resistance falls and current flows into the bottom of the primary transistor and then the second transistor. The LED lights.

The preset resistor will be turned up or right down to increase or decrease resistance, during this means it will build the schema additional or less sensitive. Link

Tuesday, September 2, 2014

Fluorescent Light Wiring Wiring diagram Tube Light Circuit

The wiring process of fluorescent tube lamp/light with Ballast,Starter is quite easy and simple. In most cases when we buy a fluorescent light it comes in a complete set with all wire connected. If you want do it yourself , you can buy all the parts individually. And you can complete all connection of the fluorescent light/lamp with the help of this wiring schema diagram.

Main parts of Fluorescent Tube Light:

1.Fluorescent Tube

2.Ballast

3.Starter

4.Holder, wire etc.

How Fluorescent Lights works:

The starter is like a key of fluorescent light because it is used to light up the tube. When we connect the AC supply voltage to the schema, then the starter act like short schemaed and current flow through those filament (located at the first and second end of the tube light) and the filament generate heat and it ionized the gas (mercury vapor) in the fluorescent tube lamp. So the gas becomes electrically conductive medium. At the same time when the starter opened the schema path of two filaments from series connected, then the ballast release its stored voltage. And it makes the fluorescent tube fully lighten. Now the starter has no job in the schema, if you open it from the schema the fluorescent tube light will be still lighten, until you release the main supply.

Sunday, August 24, 2014

Simple Emergency Light

This is an automatic emergency lamp with day light sensing, means it senses darkness/night and turns ON automatically. Similarly it senses day light and turns OFF automatically. A simple emergency lamp which does not require any special equipment; even a multimeter to assemble and use. Any individual who can do a good quality soldering must be able to build this schema successfully.

This can be easily accommodated in the defunct two 6 watt tube National Emergency Lamp or any PL tube type emergency lamp. The difference will be in the working; it will work non stop for more than 8 hours.deep discharge is taken care by the LED characteristic and over charge protection is taken care by the fixed voltage regulator.This uses a simple 3Pin fixed regulator which has a built in current limiting schema.

Simple Emergency Light Circuit Diagram:

The only required adjustment is the preset which has to be set to ensure the LEDs just light up (it should be left at that position). The 5mm LDR is just mounted on top of the emergency light as shown in the photograph. LDR is used to avoid it lighting up during day time or when the room lights are ON. 2 LEDs are used in series; the dropping resistance is avoided and 2 LEDs light up with current that is required for a single LED, by which energy is saved to a great extent.

This particular schema has been kept so simple for people who has limited access to components or in other words this is an emergency light that you can build with minimum components. In addition to schema diagram, He has shared photographs of the prototype he made in National emergency light and a PCB design.

Monday, August 18, 2014

Alarm LED Light Circuit

This circuit yearn for act the performance of the equipment,otherwise Check the fuse here the circuit.The circuit is diminutive and the power supply voltage of all kinds. It demonstrate with LED, 2-color in individual. Which is cathode universal kind,the anode has two separate terminals. If the circuit is functioning well LED, it revealed in wet behind the ears colour.The display is red, as the fuse into the circuit is damaged.The resistor R1 limits the current to gush through the LED is roughly 2 mA.This is an adequate amount to produce the LED light.If it lowers the R1 down, the LED light up.

Alarm LED Light Circuit Diagram

In the conventional setup of the circuit and The fuse is not damaged. The zener diode to prevent the green and red LED illumination up in chorus.Zener diode prevents the LED is simple and red illumination all together.

The piercing efficiency LED, as soon as connected trendy like. The red LED uses high-pressure, so with the intention of single green LED illumination up only. Diodes D3 and D4 wish prevent dodgy instead of the LED. While the semi cycle downbeat voltage of the alternating current voltage.However, if the DC supply voltage.I act not retain to manage diode protection.

Descrete Multistage Light Sequencer

The drawing below illustrates a multistage light sequencer using descrete parts and no integrated diagram. The idea is not new and I hear a similar schema was developed about 40 years ago using germanium transistors. The idea is to connect the lights so that as one turns off it causes the next to turn on, and so forth. This is accomplished with a large capacitor between each stage that charges when a stage turns off and supplies base current to the next transistor, thus turning it on. Any number of stages can be used and the drawing below illustrates 3 small Christmas lights running at about 5 volts and 200mA. The schema may need to be manually started when power is applied. To start it, connect a momentary short across any one of the capacitors and then remove the short. You could use a manual push button to do this.

Detailed operation:

Assume the schema doesnt start when power is applied amd all lights are off and all three capacitors are charged to about 5 volts. We connect a jumper across the 220uF capacitor on the left which discharges the capacitor and turns on the 2nd stage transistor and corresponding light. When the jumper is removed, the capacitor will start charging through the base of the stage 2 transistor and stage 1 light.

This causes the stage 2 transistor to remain on while the capacitor continues to charge. At the same time, the capacitor connecting stage 2 and 3 will discharge through the 100 ohm resistor and diode and stage 2 transistor. When the capacitor charging current falls below what is needed to keep stage 2 turned on, the transistor and light will turn off causing the voltage at the collector of the stage 2 transistor to rise to 5 volts.

Since the capacitor connecting stage 2 and 3 has discharged and the voltage rises at the collector of stage 2, the capacitor from stage 2 and 3 will charge causing the 3rd stage to turn on and the cycle repeats for sucessive stages 4,5,6,7.... and back to 1. The sequence rate is determined by the capacitor and resistor values (220uF and 100 ohms in this case), load current (200mA in this case), and current gain of the particular transistor used. This arrangement runs at about 120 complete cycles per minute for 3 lights, or about 167mS per light. Faster or slower rates can be obtained with different capacitor values.

Sourced by : bowdenshobbydiagram.info

Thursday, August 14, 2014

Christmas Flash Light 230v

This is Christmas season so you all may get ready to do lots of variations for your house for your gardens.In Christmas Christmas tree gets an important place so I decided to give very important schema to decorate your Christmas tree here these bulbs are blinking.Moving 1M preset the speed of the bulb can be changed.about 20 bulbs (25w) Can be connected for this schema.

Note

# All the resistors must be 1/4w.
# When you work with 230 be careful always try to get the assistance of an elder.